The Innovators DNA What Entrepreneurs Can Learn from Them

The Innovator’s DNA What Entrepreneurs Can Learn from Them “Entrepreneurship” and “Innovation” are two terms that never go far from each other. Many times entrepreneurs are known to be innovators, and the best innovators are said to be in the best position to become successful entrepreneurs. Indeed, it is to be noted that the most successful entrepreneurs are those who were able to introduce innovations. They broke ground, they became pioneers, and they introduced something that the world has never seen before. As businessmen, they introduced products and services that the average consumer did not even know he needed.Perhaps it is true that being an innovator is written in one’s genetic makeup; some are simply born with it. In short, it is written in their DNA. They call it the “innovator’s DNA.”But not all entrepreneurs are born with this DNA. Most of them even readily admit that they needed help at some point or another. They also learned from other, better, innovators and entrepreneurs, which gives rise to the argument tha t, yes, even those who were not born with the “innovator’s DNA” can acquire it.This sure gives hope to all aspiring entrepreneurs out there. It is comforting to know that there are some sources or aids that we can turn to in order to learn how to become innovative and, eventually, become a successful entrepreneur. © Shutterstock.com | LonelyIn this guide, you will learn 1) what is the innovators DNA, 2) how does the innovators DNA model work, and 3) the 5 skills of disruptive innovators you can acquire.THE INNOVATOR’S DNADubbed as a “new classic” by global leaders and the media, The Innovator’s DNA: Mastering the Five Skills of Disruptive Innovators is a 296-page book by co-authors Jeff Dyer, Hal B. Gregersen, and Clayton M. Christensen. It was published in 2011 by the Harvard Business Press. The book focused on disruptive innovation, and how it can be used to assess how individuals can develop innovative skills to get the results they want.What made it more relevant to readers, especially during the current times, was how it tapped on real business situations and identified real and existing examples of innovators, such as the big guns and executives over at Apple, Amazon, Google and the Virgin Group.The book refutes the idea that being creative and innovative is purely genetic, and only a select number of people are born with the capacity for creative thinking and coming up with innovative ideas. The authors argue that everyone can be creative and, subsequently, use that creativity to become innovators, at least in business.We strongly recommend you watch this insightful speech about the innovators DNA. The Theory of Disruptive InnovationIn business, we talk about markets, value, and consumers. We already have existing consumers within existing markets, which have existing value networks. All of a sudden, seemingly from out of nowhere, an innovation resulted in the creation of a new market and, along with it, a new value network. This also resulted in the disruption of the already existing market and value network.It could be in the form of a new product or a service which, upon introduction, makes a huge splash in the market. It could also be a product or a service that barely registered on anyone’s radar when it first came out so it started out practically at the bottom of the market. However, through enhancements and refinements, it slowly made its way up in the market, eventually gaining the attention of the consumers. It also started to pose a threat to the incumbents of the market, first by stealing their customers and then by getting a larger piece of the market pie, so to speak. In both cases, there was a movement where established competitors are displaced.The name for this theory, which was coined by Christensen, is “disruptive innovation”. In his theory, Christensen also made a clear distinction between “disruptive innovation” and “sustaining innovation”.Disruptive innovation often involves exploiting new technologies, or harnessing old technologies in another way. It could also mean the development of new business models altogether. Whatever action was undertaken, it results in the creation of new markets, as well as the creation of new categories of users and consumers.Sustaining innovation, on the other hand, is described as the simple improvement of existing products. No new markets were created, no new customer categories were formed, and certainly no new value networks were established.THE INNOVATOR’S DNA MODELInnovative entrepreneurs are distinct from your regular and ordinary managers and executives; this is already a widely accepted fact. After acknowledging that innovators may be made, the next logical question would be: how could they come up with great, new, and innovative ideas?Christensen introduced the Innovator’s DNA model for generating innovative ideas. The model is divided into three parts:Courage to innovateOne of the biggest hurdles that entrepreneurs have to overcome is fear. Fear to start something new. Fear that, when they do, the results will not be what they wanted or expected. Fear that, once they are done, the results will not be accepted by the market. In other words, they have a fear of failure.Even the slightest hesitation can make way for fear to take roo t, so that individuals will end up backing away from a potentially brilliant idea.Steve Jobs, Apple co-founder and former CEO, was fearless. In his own words, he said he wanted to “put a ding in the universe”. He’s one of the classic examples of a disruptive innovator, and he also went on to become one of the greatest entrepreneurs and innovators of modern â€" perhaps even “all” â€" time. He was not afraid of change; instead, he sought to “change” the world. He was willing to take risks. He was brave. He was courageous.Behavioral skillsInnovators also require certain behavioral skills in order to generate these brilliant ideas for innovations. Christensen specified four of these behavioral skills (which we will discuss in more depth later): questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting.Granted, all these four behavioral skills will not take shape if the entrepreneur does not have the courage to innovate to begin with.Cognitive skill to synthesize novel inputsHa ving the courage to innovate and the behavioral skills to amass valuable information for the generation of ideas are not enough. An entrepreneur must have the cognitive skill of taking all those ideas together, combining them, turning them around and manipulating them, and see what they come up with. This is called “associational thinking” or the fifth key skill, which puts everything togetherAll three, when combined together, will result to an innovative business idea.In the following discussions, we will look further into the five skills that entrepreneurs should develop in order to become disruptive innovators.THE FIVE SKILLS OF DISRUPTIVE INNOVATORSThe Innovator’s DNA named five discovery skills that have also become known as the five key innovation skills that entrepreneurs should have in order to become an innovator.SKILL #1: QUESTIONINGCuriosity drives one to seek answers, or to gain clarity over something they do not fully understand. This is one trait that innovators have: they have a natural curiosity about a lot of things, and so they end up having a lot of questions and inquiries.But it’s not just about asking questions, because their queries are provocative, mostly meant to challenge the current state of things, or the status quo. They ask questions not for the sake of getting answers and then moving on. Often, an answer to their first question will lead to more questions.This is because innovators truly want to know why something is the way it is, or how something is done, so they can figure out how to change it or, more appropriately, disrupt it. There is an underlying desire to make things better, or come up with something bigger, and that is what spurred their questioning nature. As a result, you will find that innovators are the ones who ask the most “what if” questions, which then provokes further exploration of possibilities.SKILL #2: OBSERVINGGathering information can be done in various ways, and one of the best ways is to simp ly take a step back and observe the world around you. The best innovators have shown a keen power of observation and scrutiny. It was said that Steve Jobs came up with his ideas about the operating system later used by Apple’s Macintosh and iOS after spending some time observing how things are done over at Xerox PARC.When it comes to observation, innovators should view the world like how anthropologists do. They act like social scientists in the sense that they are focused mostly on the behavior of their prospective market or potential customers.Innovators are seen to be mostly imaginative individuals, but what many people tend to overlook is the fact that innovators make their imaginations work based on information they derive from real-life situations. This is why they tend to be closely observant of the world around them, or their immediate environment. A software developer may have built an innovative application because he saw a need for it after having seen one or two people actually have problems that need a solution. From there, he was encouraged to move forward with the idea until he was able to develop a software or program that solves the very problem he saw people struggle with.SKILL #3: NETWORKINGThis is a classic case of man not being an island. Networking is considered as one of the most important business practices. From the point of view of an entrepreneur, it is a skill that must be acquired in order to generate innovative ideas.Interacting, communicating and establishing connections and ties with people, especially from different cultures and all walks of life, is a great way to gain inspiration and get new ideas. The more diverse the composition of your network, the better. This exposure to diversity is an effective catalyst to gain useful insights that, in turn, spur innovations.People think differently, and that can be due to several factors, such as the environment, the culture and even the geographical location. You rarely see an inno vator or entrepreneur succeeding just by staying within the basement or within the four corners of an office. Mark Zuckerberg had to interact with different students before he could come up with the idea of Facebook. The idea certainly did not pop into his head when he was locked up in solitude in his dorm room, contrary to what some reports may say.SKILL #4: EXPERIMENTINGPractice makes perfect, and experimentation is a form of practicing. Entrepreneurs must learn how to be able to experiment in small and fast ways in order to come up with novel solutions. As mentioned earlier, many entrepreneurs buckle at the thought of trying out or testing their ideas. They do not have the courage to take the next step and pilot their ideas. They refuse to experiment. And this is where they fail and put a stop to their journey towards becoming innovators.Experimenting not only serves to validate any hypothesis you may have established earlier. It is also one of the best ways for entrepreneurs to gain new information and insights. As an entrepreneur and an innovator, you have to always be on the lookout for new information. A thirst for knowledge is certainly something that the best innovators share.For innovators, experimenting figures greatly in almost everything they do. By continuously experimenting, they often stumble upon new ideas and new products. A good example would be Amazon’s Kindle. Amazon used to be mainly an online retailer. However, through continuous experimentation, the creative minds of Amazon, led by founder and CEO Jeff Bezos, developed the e-reader they named Kindle, which then lit the fire and brought Amazon into electronics manufacturing. In fact, it is safe to say that this e-reader singlehandedly established Amazon as one of the most innovative electronics manufacturers today.SKILL #5: ASSOCIATINGAt the core of the innovator’s DNA is associating. This is a cognitive skill that innovators should never be without. In associational thinking, entrep reneurs attempt to make sense of all the inputs, which will then lead to new directions, new insights, and new ideas.Take note that associational thinking will not be triggered if all the other four skills â€" questioning, observing, networking and experimenting â€" are not exercised. This is where all the insights acquired through the use of the other four skills, no matter how unconnected they are, are processed and synthesized to find connections. These connections will result into business ideas that are disruptive or able to deliver change.According to Jobs, it’s not that innovators think differently; they just appear to do so because they look for, and are mostly able to find, the connections in the unconnected. What sets them apart from ordinary business people is how they can make surprising connections between and among unrelated industries, fields, and bodies of knowledge.SALESFORCE.COM: AN EXAMPLEA classic example cited in the book was Marc Benioff and his multi-billion software company Salesforce. Even at an early age, Benioff showed a passion for software and technology, setting up his own computer game development company, Liberty Software. Aside from gaining formal education in university, he also worked at Apple during summers. He was present when the first Macintosh was developed, until it was launched. He then worked at Oracle and, from there, saw some potential waiting to be tapped, especially in terms of technology and his own career advancement.It was during his early start in business and throughout his time with Apple and Oracle that Benioff started questioning the status quo, feeling like something is about to come up. His experience on the “field” â€" working with his own company, with Apple and with Oracle â€" were contributory to the development of his networking skills.Even as he was working behind the desk, he was already actively observing and noting how technology has grown and, along with it, significant changes in how com merce through the internet was evolving. The rise of eBay and Amazon throughout these technological shifts further cemented his conviction.Benioff’s experimentation saw him taking a break from work and traveling to various parts of the world, spending significantly long periods in India and Hawaii, where he was able to put his observation skills to more use, and gained insights from the people he met along the way. This was also one way for him to expand his network.But even before engaging in new surroundings through traveling, Benioff was already actively experimenting ever since he took up computer science and entrepreneurship in college and when he gained real-world experience during his time with Apple.All these skills worked together to enable Benioff to perform associational thinking, so he made the connection between software and the business model of Amazon. According to Benioff, the “genesis” of Salesforce was “enterprise software meets Amazon”. Instead of sellin g software in its physical form â€" through a CD-ROM â€" software can be sold and delivered over the internet, cutting down on the time and cost associated with selling software, delivering them to the customers and guiding them along the lengthy installation process, not to mention the applicable upgrades.Salesforce.com is now one of the leading cloud computing companies in the world, mainly engaged in providing customer relationship management, or CRM, service, such as Analytics Cloud, Community Cloud, Data Cloud, Marketing Cloud, Sales Cloud and Service Cloud.

The Rise Of The Nazi War - 931 Words

When the Hitler came into power in 1933, the future of minority groups looked grim. The Nazis first eliminated majority of the Gypsies and Jewish population, but these weren’t the only groups. Touting to create an utopia consisting only of the pure German blood, the Nazis began to exploit other groups such as the homosexuals, and the disabled. These groups were mass murdered. Unlike them, the â€Å"asocials†, â€Å"habitual criminals†, Afro-Germans and foreign workers were not mass murdered but intimidated to the extent that some habitual criminals self mutilated and some foreign workers were hanged. There were many similarities and differences in the maltreatment of these groups. Nazis wanted a purified German blood nation, so how and why did these minorities came to live in Germany? After World War I, Germany was left without hopes. The Weimar Republic tried to better the economy with its progressive ideals, but it was not successful. Thereafter, the stock market crashed in 1929. This devastating event not only inflicted pain in the United States, but in other countries and unemployment rose throughout many Western nations. Moreover, The treaty of Versailles condemning Germany of causing the first World War, required Germany to pay a large sum of gold marks in reparations. Theses events led to the rise of Hitler, and an increase in the numbers of vagrants, thieves, prostitutes on the streets, who became known as the â€Å"asocials† and â€Å"habitual criminals.† Nazis defined theShow MoreRelatedThe Rise Of Nazi Germany Was The Capstone Of The Inter-War1158 Words   |  5 Pages The rise of Nazi Germany was the capstone of the inter-war period, and led to the outbreak of World War II, shattering the tenuous peace. The Nazi regime s progress was paralleled by the life of its leader, Adolf Hitler. Born in a small town in Austria, Hitler dreamed of being an artist. 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The Hunger Of Manhattan - Original Writing - 2131 Words

A small, fifteen-year-old boy huddled in a dingy alleyway in the heart of Manhattan. Never mind that it was almost Christmas; all he was really aware of was the bitter cold. He dreaded this time of year for that exact reason. Plus, the homeless shelters were fuller now than at any other time, so he had no hope of finding refuge there. Seemingly endless crowds streamed past the boy’s alley. Not that any of them would notice him. He wasn’t bitter, of course, but he did wish somebody would spare him more than a second’s glance. That someone would show him that there was something more to the world than what he could see. The boy snorted at the thought. Right, like there’s any hope for me. He hated the hopelessness he so often felt. But, what†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"What’re you doin’ back here?† a gentle voice asked a minute later. Venturing to reopen his eyes, the boy found none other than the stranger standing over him, looking him over with a curious expression. â€Å"Uh†¦ I-I’m just†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he stammered. â€Å"It- it’s not what it looks like.† The stranger raised his eyebrows. â€Å"Are you lost, then? Where are you from?† â€Å"Jersey,† the boy answered quietly, dropping his gaze to the fractured pavement beneath his feet. â€Å"That’s kind of a long way to walk,† the stranger mused to himself. Kneeling so that he was closer to the boy’s eye level, he asked in a quieter tone, â€Å"Did you run away?† The boy’s long silence was answer enough. â€Å"Alright, that’s alright,† he said hastily. â€Å"You don’t have to answer that. But, you don’t have any place to go then, huh?† Shaking his head, the boy replied somewhat sharply, â€Å"No. And I ain’t lookin’ to be anybody’s charity case, either.† Sitting back on his heels, the stranger thought for a moment. â€Å"Well, here. How ‘bout this,† he finally announced. â€Å"I’ll take you home with me, but just for tonight. My parents should be okay with it, I think. It won’t be much, but it’s better than spending the night behind this smelly ol’ dumpster, right?† â€Å"Aw, c’mon, this ain’t even the worst dumpster I’ve hung around,† the boy joked, looking at the dumpster almost fondly. â€Å"The ones behind restaurants are always the best.† AnShow MoreRelatedWalts Whitmans Vision of America in Leaves of Grass17685 Words   |  71 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©44†© Personal†©comments†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©45†© VII. †© VIII. Conclusion†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©47†© †© IX. †© Bibliography†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©49†© Acknowledgments†©Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†©50†© †© X. †© †© †© †© †© †© †© Original†©copy†©of†©the†©first†©edition†©of†©Leaves†©of†©Grass†©(1855)†© 3 †© I.†©Introduction†© Walt†©Whitman’s†©vision†©of†©America†©in†©Leaves†©of†©Grass,†©TM†©2012†© Despite†©being†©one†©of†©the†©most†©prominent†©American†©poets†©of†©his†©time,†©Walt†©Whitman†© and†© his†© idea†© of†© a†©Read MoreWorld Peace8312 Words   |  34 Pages  English,  French,  Russian, and  Spanish.[2] The UN has 4 main purposes * To keep peace throughout the world; * To develop friendly relations among nations; * To help nations work together to improve the lives of poor people, to conquer hunger, disease and illiteracy, and to encourage respect for each other’s rights and freedoms; * To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations to achieve these goals. ------------------------------------------------- History The  League ofRead MoreEmperor of all maladies Essay8098 Words   |  33 Pagescompleted a residency in medicine and graduate work in cancer immunology, I began advanced training in cancer medicine (medical oncology) at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. 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Cricket a Threat to Other Games Free Essays

Is Cricket’s massive appeal in India at the cost of other sports? ‘Cricket is a religion in  India’- a powerful statement that would bring a smile on all cricket lovers in India. However, rarely expressed is the other side of the coin – an issue of one man’s extreme popularity killing the very identity and existence of all other players in the mix. No Doubt that the game’s popularity has brought glory to millions of fans residing in India and worldwide, has instilled a sense of pride even in non-cricket-following Indian audiences†¦whenever the country has won, it  has brought laurels to the nation, elation to Indian people from all age groups-  be it a tiny toddler who craves for sixes from Sachin and Sehwag’s bat and or the keen cricket follower who deeply understands the nuisances of the game and gets elated whenever the little master,   Sachin crosses yet another milestone. We will write a custom essay sample on Cricket a Threat to Other Games or any similar topic only for you Order Now But these cricket-savvy arguments rarely bring to light the other dark picture†¦ While cricket’s popularity has increased in India at a exponential rate, the fortunes of the other games has fallen to new lows. Hockey –our national game , in which India was considered a super-power has degraded so quickly that team India had failed   to even qualify for the  Olympics-the international sporting event in which India won medals in its golden era of hockey. It’s a pity that many international games like Motor-racing, Formula 1 races, golf, tennis, Athletics, gymnastics, swimming etc. on’t even find an Indian representation†¦. But the key question is? Is cricket responsible for this†¦The arguments are endless both in favor and against this argument. The supporters will say that all games have their separate, non-intersection identities, interests, fan-following and popularity scales†¦how come we attribute other sport’s losses on cr icket’s gains†¦ The critics will respond by equally strong arguments-if all the financial aids, funds, sponsors will be consumed by the ‘cricket’ giant ,wont the other games be starved of existence†¦ The conclusion is not easy to draw and one possible solution is to focus on aggressive advertisement of other sports, by roping in   government aids,   big corporate sponsors, the  media  and broadcasting people, the games’ iconic players as ambassadors etc†¦ Maybe someday we can produce our own version of   a Michael Schumacher or a Roger Federer†¦but for now cricket remains the undisputed king of Indian sports!! View point 2: Cricket dates back to 1721 in its trace in India, where it is more than a religion today. Being called a gentlemen game, it attracts millions of people all over the world. The popularity it pulls in the public made it a crazy game dominating any other game in India. Neither any game sustains nor collects popularity or spins the money as the cricket does. Because of this popularity other sports are ignored in our country that is about to extinct due to lack of proper encouragement from public and government. This dominance of cricket makes other games to feel low and the sportsmanship suffered inferiority complex in other areas. Arguments towards cricket We can’t blame one game for the fall of other game as there is nothing in game; everything is in the mind of people who enjoy the game. Cricket being craziest game is definitely a stylish and gentlemen game which at any cost shouldn’t be tagged with a line, â€Å"cricket is a curse for other games† which is more than religion in our country. Indian cricket has a history of holding many records often which are not easy even for the founders of the game. Though it is a lucrative game, it doesn’t mean there ends the professionalism. It is played at its standards and always allured millions of people across the world not only shaping the careers of youth but also earning them prestigious awards and rewards from the game and through endorsement. Popularity that cricket has is due to the influence which has been made by great cricketers like Kapil Dev, Ravi Shastri, Sunil Gavaskar, Sachin Tendulkar and many legendary performers. It is also the most favourite time pass for Indian youth and helps the nation to achieve integrity. Sponsors through advertisement help in boosting the economy and provide good business opportunities. Coaching centres and sports shops are established for cricket which helps them as a form of self employment. Arguments against cricket Cricket is posing threat to other games in India due it its mass popularity and makes the other sportsman suffer for their contributions. Government never supports such activities; and even if it supports will surely undermine the capacity by withdrawing the facilities provided for other sports. Cricket is a game of money, and nothing like professionalism exists in it. Youth pursue this game as profession for fame and money and the popularity it has among the mass. Players never show much attention once they are placed in national team. They will try to make fortune from the sponsors and other facilities provided. Betting is other area from which cricketers get easy money without playing game and has been in news for many matches which now brought the public to which match should be believed whether it is not fixed or fixed. Media hypes the game undermining the potential of other games and politicians do interfere to get their piece of cake in the dirty money making business. No professionalism, no sincerity. Money is the only purpose around which the game revolves. How to cite Cricket a Threat to Other Games, Papers

Progressivism Was A Period Of American History In Which Essays

Progressivism was a period of American history in which improving working conditions, improving the way of life, exposing corruption, expanding democracy and making reforms was the main idea of this period. Many of the citizens granted and demanded a change in numerous areas such as business, labor, economy, consumers and an increase of democracy. The progressive period was marked with the arrival of three great presidents Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson all three of these presidents fought for the common good of the people. Teddy Roosevelt was known as the "trust buster" and that is exactly what he did to help control big business. Many large corporations had complete control of the services that they were selling. Roosevelt went in to these companies and helped to stop this type of monopoly. The biggest trust that Roosevelt busted was the one involving Northern Securities and J.P. Morgan. Roosevelt was also a big supporter of labor he tried almost everything and anything to help the citizens of the United States. Teddy set up child protection laws, which were used to prevent children to work in factories, and it also reduced the amount of time they worked. Roosevelt also set up workman's compensation, which is a payment that employers had to pay employees who get injured on the job. President Wilson also tried to help and improve the conditions for workers he did this by adding and income tax. This type of income tax is called a progressive or graduated which would rise with the amount of money that a person makes. This really helped the poor because they were taxed less than big business men were. Wilson helped the economy by instituting a Federal Reserve Bank. This bank was a system in which there would be twelve federal reserve banks all throughout the country. All national banks were required to join this system. This bank system made a compromise between private and public control. Wilson also added a tariff called the Underwood Tariff, which lowered the price on imported goods. He did this because he had an idea that if you open up your market to foreign goods then the foreign markets will open for you. Taft issued a tariff called the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; this tariff put hi taxes on imported goods. Taft believed that this would be good for the country and help business grow. Roosevelt tried his best to help consumers, he proposed to congress the Pure Food and Drug Act. Teddy demanded that congress pass this act because he thought the way consumers were being treated was wrong. This act was used to protect citizens from unsafe medicines and food. The Meat Inspection Act was also passed because of a book written by Upton Sinclair called The Jungle. The Meat Inspection Act regulated that all food must be inspected, prohibited the use of addictive drugs in prescription medicine and required proper labels on food and drugs. Democracy was increased in the United States by the introduction of the referendum, initiative and the recall. The referendum proposed legislation to be submitted to the voters. The initiative allowed a group of citizens to introduce legislation and recall allowed voters to remove elected officials from holding a special election. Also a direct primary was instituted this was the direct election of a public official.

Free Essays on Pacemaker Wire

Pacemaker’s battery will be recharged by some external energy through the wire that expands from the battery to the skin button. This wire should be conductive, have strength for a long time, have flexibility to ensure patients comfort, and should be visual under radioscopy in order to monitor its condition over time. Also should be not toxic to the body. Usually materials that have good conductivity typically lack good strength characteristics. There are some materials with radiopacity, but are usually lacking in the ability to withstand mechanical fatigue. In order to overcome these problems, we are designing a wire with three different material compositions that each will fulfill our ideal wire characteristics. After making a wire we will coat it with polyurethane to prevent toxic leakage from the wire to the body. According to figure bellow our wire is consist of an outer sheath of MP35N which provides substantial strength and fatigue performance. The central layer represents high purity Platinum, thus providing excellent visualization under radioscopy. For increased conductivity, a silver core has been used. With this design we offer strength, conductivity, and flexibility. We can conclude this by performing strength test, fatigue test, and since we are connecting three different materials, we need to test the corrosion to see the effect them on each other. After completion of our tests on the wire and the materials we will cover it with polyurethane to shield the body from the possible infection and toxicity. Polyurethane is known for its biocompatibility and strength and been used in artificial heart manufacturing. Cardiac control system is using this polymer for their pacemakers lead and reported that has 97% survival rate. Before coating our wire, first we need to apply pretreatment surface that includes surface cleaning and removing contaminants. Then we need to reduce the shear stress on the polyurethane by the w... Free Essays on Pacemaker Wire Free Essays on Pacemaker Wire Pacemaker’s battery will be recharged by some external energy through the wire that expands from the battery to the skin button. This wire should be conductive, have strength for a long time, have flexibility to ensure patients comfort, and should be visual under radioscopy in order to monitor its condition over time. Also should be not toxic to the body. Usually materials that have good conductivity typically lack good strength characteristics. There are some materials with radiopacity, but are usually lacking in the ability to withstand mechanical fatigue. In order to overcome these problems, we are designing a wire with three different material compositions that each will fulfill our ideal wire characteristics. After making a wire we will coat it with polyurethane to prevent toxic leakage from the wire to the body. According to figure bellow our wire is consist of an outer sheath of MP35N which provides substantial strength and fatigue performance. The central layer represents high purity Platinum, thus providing excellent visualization under radioscopy. For increased conductivity, a silver core has been used. With this design we offer strength, conductivity, and flexibility. We can conclude this by performing strength test, fatigue test, and since we are connecting three different materials, we need to test the corrosion to see the effect them on each other. After completion of our tests on the wire and the materials we will cover it with polyurethane to shield the body from the possible infection and toxicity. Polyurethane is known for its biocompatibility and strength and been used in artificial heart manufacturing. Cardiac control system is using this polymer for their pacemakers lead and reported that has 97% survival rate. Before coating our wire, first we need to apply pretreatment surface that includes surface cleaning and removing contaminants. Then we need to reduce the shear stress on the polyurethane by the w...

The Bad Old Days - The Dead

The Bad Old Days - The Dead From the Hoax: England is old and small and the local folks started running out of places to bury people. So they would dig up coffins and would take the bones to a bone-house and reuse the grave. When reopening these coffins, 1 out of 25 coffins was found to have scratch marks on the inside and they realized they had been burying people alive. So they thought they would tie a string on the wrist of the corpse, lead it through the coffin and up through the ground and tie it to a bell. Someone would have to sit out in the graveyard all night the graveyard shift) to listen for the bell; thus, someone could be saved by the bell or was considered a dead ringer. The Facts: England was not so old and small that new cemeteries could not be established, but crowded graveyards did exist, due to the Christian tradition of burying the dead in the consecrated grounds of Churchyards. Some towns managed to arrange for cemeteries outside the municipal boundaries, but Church property was not subjected to secular law and the practice continued throughout the Middle Ages. There were no bone houses in England, but there were charnel houses. These were consecrated buildings for the storage of bones, usually uncovered in the course of digging new graves. If these bones had been buried in coffins in the first place a fairly uncommon practice among all but the wealthy the coffins had long since fallen apart. Some charnel houses were set up during the plague when the cemetery was overwhelmed by the number of bodies to be buried, and the corpses in previous graves were removed to make room to bury the freshly dead. It wasnt until the 18th century that the nefarious practice of secretly removing the bones from a grave to make room for new coffins took place. Church sextons would quietly dispose of the bones in nearby pits. The coffins were usually so decayed that if scratch-marks had ever been made inside them they would not be distinguishable in the rotted wood. The gravediggers would often appropriate the hardware (handles, plates, and nails) of decayed coffins to sell for waste metal.1 The matter was resolved in the mid-nineteenth century when London succeeded in passing a law that closed the churchyards and put heavy restrictions on burial within the city limits, and most cities and towns across Great Britain soon followed its lead. At no time during the Middle Ages was there a prevalent fear that people were getting buried alive, and in no known instance did anyone rig up a bell-pull to notify the living. Most medieval people were smart enough to distinguish a living person from a dead one. Throughout history, there has been the occasional case of someone getting buried alive, but by no means was this as frequent as the hoax would have you believe. The common phrases used in the last portion of the hoax have absolutely nothing to do with premature burial, and each has its origin in a different source. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the phrase graveyard shift dates to the early 20th century. It may have its source in the night shift on nautical vessels, which was called graveyard watch for its quiet loneliness. Saved by the bell originates from the sport of boxing, in which a fighter is saved from further punishment or from a ten-count when the bell signifies that the round is over. (But the next round is another story.) A ringer is slang for an imposter. It was used in cheating at horse races, when an unscrupulous trainer would substitute a fast horse, or ringer, for a nag with a bad racing record. This sporting association continues in the modern use of the term ringer for a professional athlete playing in an amateur game. But a human can also be a ringer in the sense of a person who closely resembles someone else, like the professional entertainers who impersonate celebrities such as Dolly Parton and Cher. A dead ringer is simply someone who is extremely close in appearance to another, in the same way as someone who is dead wrong is as wrong as he can possibly be. Once again, if you have an alternative origin for one of these phrases, please feel free to post it on our bulletin board, and be sure to bring your sources! Note 1. cemetery  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannicabritannica.com/eb/article?eu22388[Accessed April 9, 2002].